The Wallace-Taylor ticket finished in fourth place in the election, winning 1,157,328 votes (2.4%). Lubell quoted a man who, when asked why he did not vote Republican after moving to the suburbs, answered "I own a nice home, have a new car and am much better off than my parents were. When Stassen refused, Taft wrote a concession statement and had it read to the convention at the start of the third ballot; at this point the other candidates also dropped out, and Dewey was then nominated unanimously by acclamation. Thus, Truman's election confirmed the Democratic Party's status as the nation's majority party. He did make it known, however, that he would accept the GOP nomination if it were offered to him, and some conservative Republicans hoped that by winning a primary contest he could prove his popularity with voters. Source (Popular Vote): Leip, David. "[18] At the end of the speech the "delegates rose to their feet and cheered loudly for two minutes...for a moment Truman had created the illusion - few regarded it as more than an illusion - that the Democrats had a fighting chance in November. [50] As the campaign progressed, however, Wallace's crowds thinned and his standing in the polls dropped. Retrieved August 1, 2005. [72], On election night, Dewey, his family, and campaign staff confidently gathered in the Roosevelt Hotel in New York City to await the returns. "[19], Former Governor Harold Stassen of Minnesota, President Pro TemporeArthur H. Vandenberg, Former Chief of Staff of the Army, General of the Army Douglas MacArthur from New York, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Joseph William Martin, Jr., from Massachusetts, Former Chief of Staff of the Army, General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower from New York(Declined – Jan 24, 1948), Senator John W. Bricker from Ohio(Declined – Endorsed Taft). C’est la seconde fois depuis 1948 qu’un candidat démocrate l’emporte dans cet Etat du sud des Etats-Unis. This page was last edited on 6 December 2020, at 01:07. It was the first presidential convention to be shown on "national" television. You cannot have freedom without liberty. Stassen was widely regarded as the most liberal of the Republican candidates, yet during the primaries he was criticized for being vague on many issues. At 4 a.m., Truman awoke again and heard on the radio that his popular-vote lead was now nearly two million votes, and that he was well ahead in the electoral vote. Truman's first choice for his running mate was Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, hoping that it might make the ticket more appealing to liberals. Élection américaine : comment Trump et Biden peuvent encore chacun l’emporter D'un point de vue comptable, c'est Biden qui fait la course en tête. So why should Russia make peace with them? Held on May 17, 1948, it was the first-ever radio debate between presidential candidates. L'exemple des élections italiennes de 1948 « La seule manière de nous faire perdre ces élections serait de les truquer », le pavé était lancé dans la mare. Finally, Senator Pepper declared his intention to challenge Truman for the presidential nomination. the 50th governor (1948-52); serving his own full term, A Tennessee faithless elector voted for Thurmond/Wright, United States presidential election, 1948, Republican Party presidential primaries, 1948, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives, National Archives and Records Administration, 1948 United States House of Representatives elections, "Voter Turnout in Presidential Elections", "BEHIND THE PICTURE: 'DEWEY DEFEATS TRUMAN, Encyclopedia of Arkansas History & Culture, "Evan McMullin Could Set Mark for Weakest National Popular Vote by Candidate to Win a State", "History of Sir Winston Churchill - GOV.UK", "1948 Presidential General Election Data – National", "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 2, 1948", United States presidential election of 1948, elections in which the winner lost the popular vote, Notable third party performances in United States elections, Third party officeholders in the United States, Third-party members of the United States House of Representatives, History of the socialist movement in the United States, Committee for the Preservation of the Socialist Party, Democratic Socialist Organizing Committee, English-language press of the Socialist Party of America, Non-English press of the Socialist Party of America, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, 1952 Puerto Rican constitutional referendum, Presidential Library, Museum, and gravesite, 1944 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection, Harry S. Truman home and National Historic Site, United States Senate election in Missouri, 1934, 1952 Democratic Party presidential primaries, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1948_United_States_presidential_election&oldid=992580995, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2014, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014, Pages using bar box without float left or float right, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Quels films sur les élections américaines voir ou revoir à la télé et en VoD? Article principal : Liste des résultats des élections présidentielles américaines. Furthermore, some liberal Democrats had joined Henry A. Wallace's new Progressive Party, and party leaders feared that Wallace would take enough votes from Truman to give the large Northern and Midwestern states to the Republicans. [35] Halleck did so, but Dewey, who had not been present at the meeting between his managers and Halleck, decided to reject his candidacy, telling his aides "Halleck won't do." Defeating attempts to drop him from the ticket, Truman won the presidential nomination at the 1948 Democratic National Convention. En fait, Dewey a rarement mentionné le nom de Truman pendant la campagne, ce qui s'inscrit dans sa stratégie consistant à paraître au-dessus de la politique partisane mesquine. (At this time there were 27 television stations in full operation in the US and an estimated 350,000 TV sets in the whole country.) The election took place during the beginning stages of the Cold War. Even Truman's own wife, Bess, had private doubts that her husband could win; the only person who appears to have considered Truman's campaign to be winnable was the president himself, who confidently predicted victory to anyone who would listen to him. The hope that Truman would reverse course had faded by 1947, when he vetoed the Taft-Hartley Law, which would have helped control union power. Harry S. Truman perdit de nombreux états par rapport à 1944 comme l'Oregon, le Michigan, l'Alabama, le Mississippi, la Louisiane, la Caroline du Sud (Strom Thurmond en étant le gouverneur), New York, la Pennsylvanie et le New Hampshire mais il parvint à récupérer le Wyoming, le Colorado l'Ohio et l'Iowa. There was then an attempt to put forward Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas, but Douglas also declared that he would not be a presidential candidate. The leading radio commentators, such as H. V. Kaltenborn of NBC, still confidently predicted that once the "late returns" came in Dewey would overcome Truman's lead and win. More than 500 newspapers, accounting for over 78% of the nation's total circulation, endorsed Dewey. Tasos Katopodis via Getty Images. Southern Democrats had become increasingly disturbed over President Truman's support of civil rights, particularly following his executive order racially integrating the U.S. armed forces and a civil rights message he sent to Congress in February 1948. L’ancien vice-président Joe Biden a remporté l’Etat de l’Arizona, pourtant un bastion républicain, selon les projections de l’agence de presse américaine AP. Since he was serving in Japan as the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers occupying that nation, he was unable to campaign for the nomination. Dewey was the acknowledged leader of the Republican Party's Eastern Establishment. En effet, les propres collaborateurs de Truman considéraient la campagne comme un dernier hourra. The 1948 United States presidential election was the 41st quadrennial presidential election. « Give 'em hell, Harry » était un slogan populaire crié à chaque arrêt de la tournée. "[80] Other possible factors for Truman's victory included his aggressive, populist campaign style; broad public approval of Truman's foreign policy, notably the Berlin Airlift of that year; and widespread dissatisfaction with the institution Truman labeled as the "do-nothing, good-for-nothing 80th Republican Congress." Compte tenu de la popularité déclinante de Harry S. Truman et de la scission triangulaire apparemment fatale du Parti démocrate, Thomas Dewey semblait imbattable. On ne peut pas avoir de liberté sans liberté. La campagne des élections de 1948 a été la première à connaître une activité de propagande de masse. They also campaigned to end discrimination against blacks and women, backed a minimum wage, and called for the elimination of the House Un-American Activities Committee, which was investigating the issue of communist spies within the U.S. government and labor unions. Truman toured much of the nation with his fiery rhetoric, playing to large, enthusiastic crowds. After Dewey told Halleck of his decision, Halleck "was first speechless with disbelief and then overcome with emotion." The extreme closeness of the vote in these three states was the major reason why Dewey waited until late on the morning of November 3 to concede defeat. En instillant le doute, le candidat, adepte de la théorie de tous les complots à son profit, faisait planer l’ombre d’une des grandes terreurs nationales : le dysfonctionnement de la mécanique démocratique américaine. Elle opposa le président sortant, Harry S. Truman et Thomas Dewey , candidat du Parti républicain . Henry Wallace, ancien vice-président des États-Unis. Given Truman's sinking popularity and the seemingly fatal three-way split in the Democratic Party, Dewey appeared unbeatable to the point where top Republicans believed that all their candidate had to do to win was to avoid major mistakes. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1948 s'est déroulée le mardi 2 novembre 1948.Elle opposa le président sortant, Harry S. Truman et Thomas Dewey, candidat du Parti républicain. ... Biden dépasserait la barre des 270 grands électeurs nécessaires à son élection. Ce qui se passe aux États-Unis ne nous importe pas, ni qui y sera élu. Une maigre victoire qui lui donna la Maison blanche. Élections présidentielles du XVIII siècle Élection présidentielle américaine de 1798, Élection présidentielle américaine de 1792, Élection présidentielle américaine de 1796 Stassen defeated Dewey again in the Nebraska primary, thus making him the new frontrunner. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1948 s'est déroulée le mardi 2 novembre 1948.Elle opposa le président sortant, Harry S. Truman et Thomas Dewey, candidat du Parti républicain. [55] In the states of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and South Carolina, the party was able to be labeled as the main Democratic Party ticket on the local ballots on election night. Il pouvait ainsi se représenter en 1948, puis en 1952 en cas de victoire. There, he took a room in the historic Elms Hotel, had dinner and a Turkish bath, and went to sleep. Un éditorial du Courier-Journal (de Louisville) résumait ainsi la situation : « Aucun candidat à la présidence ne sera à l'avenir si inepte que quatre de ses grands discours puissent se résumer à ces quatre phrases historiques : L'agriculture est importante. They chose to enter his name in the Wisconsin primary.[21]. With simultaneous success in the 1948 congressional elections, the Democrats regained control of both houses of Congress, which they had lost in 1946. [69], In the campaign's final days, many newspapers, magazines, and political pundits were so confident of Dewey's impending victory they wrote articles to be printed the morning after the election speculating about Dewey's Presidency: Life magazine printed a large photo in its final edition before the election, entitled "Our Next President Rides by Ferryboat over San Francisco Bay," that showed Dewey and his staff riding across the city's harbor. L'élection présidentielle de 2000 reste l'une des plus serrées de l'histoire américaine. On July 12, the Democratic National Convention convened in Philadelphia in the same arena where the Republicans had met a few weeks earlier. "[48] When he left the state he announced: "As Jesus Christ said, if at any time they will not listen to you willingly, then shake the dust off from your feet and go elsewhere. I can think of nothing duller or more intellectually barren than acting like a sports announcer who feels he must pretend he is witnessing a neck-and-neck race. Joe Biden remporte finalement l’Arizona et creuse l’écart avec Donald Trump. Graphique 7. EDITO - Présidentielle américaine : "Une période d’incertitude dans le monde, quel que soit l’élu" 10h06, le 04 novembre 2020 , modifié à 13h43, le 04 novembre 2020 A Élection américaine : comment Trump et Biden peuvent encore chacun l’emporter D'un point de vue comptable, c'est Biden qui fait la course en tête. [44], Senator Glen H. Taylor from Idaho, an eccentric figure who was known as a "singing cowboy" and who had ridden his horse "Nugget" up the steps of the United States Capitol after winning election to the Senate in 1944, was named as Wallace's running mate. Mais Trump n'est pas vaincu, loin de là. The national mood was shifting daily, almost hourly. "[45] After receiving the vice-presidential nomination, Taylor told reporters that there was a difference between "pink" Communists and "red" Communists. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1948 s'est déroulée le mardi 2 novembre 1948. The sole issue of the debate concerned whether to outlaw the Communist Party of the United States. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président suite à la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Journalist Jules Abels wrote that "the election was not thrown away by indifference or lack of effort. La veille des primaires fut diffusé à la radio le débat Dewey-Stassen, considéré comme le premier débat présidentiel moderne de l'histoire des États-Unis. "[68], When Dewey considered adopting a more aggressive stance after noticing that his crowds were dwindling, Herbert Brownell contacted 90 GOP state committeemen and committeewomen in all 48 states. If I were a Russian . Dewey, who was the leader of his party's moderate eastern wing and had been the 1944 Republican presidential nominee, defeated Senator Robert A. Taft and other challengers at the 1948 Republican National Convention. Il semblait parfois qu'il demandait aux Américains de réaliser l'unité en étant unis derrière lui ». The two largest third parties did not hurt Truman nearly as much as expected: Thurmond's Dixiecrats carried only four Southern states, a lower total than predicted. Dewey - while criticizing Communist totalitarianism and Soviet actions in the Cold War - still forcefully argued against banning the Communist Party: "This outlawing idea is nothing new...for thousands of years despots have tortured, imprisoned, killed, and exiled their opponents, and their governments have always fallen into the dust. Le stratège de la campagne de Truman, Clark Clifford, a déclaré plus tard que la campagne de Truman était « destinée à quatre groupes d'intérêts distincts - les travailleurs, les agriculteurs, les noirs et les consommateurs ». [23] In April 1948 Dewey sent Paul Lockwood, one of his top aides, to build a strong grassroots organization in the state. These positions were, however, unacceptable to the conservative Congressional Republican leadership; Truman exploited this rift in the opposing party by calling a special session of Congress on "Turnip Day" (referring to an old piece of Missouri folklore about planting turnips in late July) and daring the Republican Congressional leadership to pass its own platform. However, given that all the polls still showed Dewey leading, and no other committee member supported Darby, his advice was rejected. Il était difficile de comprendre où Dewey voulait en venir. [citation needed] Thurmond's 2.4% is the lowest popular vote percentage for a candidate who won all of a state's electoral votes. Governor Thurmond, who had led the walkout, became the party's presidential nominee after the convention's initial favorite, Arkansas Governor Benjamin Laney, withdrew his name from consideration. The Progressives, however, also generated a great deal of controversy because of the widespread belief that they were secretly controlled by Communists who were more loyal to the Soviet Union than the United States. The Dewey film, shot professionally on an impressive budget, featured very high production values but somehow reinforced an image of the New York governor as cautious and distant. Mais les sondages et les sondages d'opinion ont tous montré que l'avance de Dewey était insurmontable et que les efforts de Truman n'avaient servi à rien. [5] Dewey ran a low-risk campaign and largely avoided directly criticizing Truman. [73] Truman, aided by the Secret Service, sneaked away from reporters covering him in Kansas City and rode to nearby Excelsior Springs, Missouri. Both Vandenberg and Warren were highly popular in their home states, but each refused to campaign in the primaries, which limited their chances of winning the nomination. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 3 décembre 2020 à 20:37. Élections présidentielles du XVIII siècle Élection présidentielle américaine de 1798, Élection présidentielle américaine de 1792, Élection présidentielle américaine de 1796 (Adopté à la Neuvième Conférence Internationale Américaine, Bogota, Colombia 1948) ... Elle a de même le devoir de remplir les obligations d'élection populaire qui lui reviennent dans l'Etat dont elle est ressortissante. Taft defeated Stassen in his native Ohio, however, and Stassen earned the hostility of the party's conservatives. Mais la tradition américaine est bien différente, ... en 1948 – la défaite du successeur de Franklin Delano Roosevelt. More commonly known as the "Dixiecrats", the party's main goal was continuing the policy of racial segregation in the South and the Jim Crow laws that sustained it. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président suite à la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Le collège électoral en 1948 Le président Franklin Delano Roosevelt mourut en 1945. [35] According to journalist Jules Abels, Dewey managers Brownell, Sprague, and Jaeckle then appeared to offer the vice-presidential nomination to influential Indiana Congressman Charles Halleck, in exchange for Halleck delivering the entire Indiana delegation to Dewey. Truman claimed that "the Communists are rooting for a GOP victory because they know it would bring on another Great Depression. Des élections générales ont eu lieu en Italie le dimanche 18 avril 1948 pour élire le premier Parlement de la République italienne. En 1940 et 1944, ils reprirent quelques États à Roosevelt, sans succès au niveau fédéral. "[77] Gallup and Roper also did an analysis of the votes, they "learned that one voter in every seven (6,927,000), made up his mind in the last two weeks before the election. For both Republicans and Democrats, there was a boom for General Dwight D. Eisenhower, the most popular general of World War II and a favorite in the polls. Outils personnels Sous la direction de Dewey, les républicains avaient adopté une plate-forme lors de leur convention de 1948 qui demandait l'extension de la sécurité sociale, un financement accru des logements sociaux, une législation sur les droits civils et la promotion de la santé et de l'éducation par le gouvernement fédéral. Avant d’entrer dans la dernière ligne droite d’une campagne électorale qui ne ressemble d’ores et déjà à aucune autre, Olivier Duhamel endosse son costume de professeur et retrace l’histoire des élections présidentielles américaines depuis 1948 dans Mister President par Europe 1 Studio. "[67] James Farley, President Franklin Roosevelt's successful campaign manager in 1932 and 1936, had stated that, in his opinion, the great majority of voters decided which candidate to support during the political conventions. [67] In 1948 many pollsters, relying on Farley's Law, believed that the election was effectively over after the Republican and Democratic Conventions, and they discounted the impact of Truman's campaigning that fall.[67]. L’élection présidentielle américaine de cette année comporte peut-être de nombreux rebondissements, mais il est encore difficile de faire mieux que la campagne de 1948. As the campaign drew to a close, the polls showed Truman was gaining: though Truman lost all nine of the Gallup Poll's post-convention surveys, Dewey's Gallup lead dropped from 17 points in late September to nine points in mid-October and just five points by the end of the month, just above the poll's margin of error. He then made the strategic mistake of trying to beat Taft in Ohio, Taft's home state. Defying these predictions, Truman won the election with 303 electoral votes to Dewey's 189. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1840 se tient du 30 octobre au 2 décembre et voit la défaite du président sortant Martin Van Buren, la première du Parti démocrate depuis le scrutin de 1824, et l'élection du premier président whig, le général William Henry Harrison. Perhaps unintentionally, the Truman film visually reinforced an image of him as engaged and decisive. Truman's appointment of a liberal civil rights commission convinced Southern conservatives that to re-establish their voice they had to threaten third-party action to defeat Truman in 1948. Il fut engagé dans l'armée US pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. With the three-way split in the Democratic Party, and with Truman's low approval ratings, Truman was widely considered to be the underdog in the race, and virtually every prediction (with or without public opinion polls) indicated that Truman would be defeated by Dewey. Spirits were low; the Republicans had taken control of both houses of the United States Congress and a majority of state governorships during the 1946 mid-term elections, and the public opinion polls showed Truman trailing Republican nominee Dewey, sometimes by double digits. Despite being an incumbent president, Truman was not placed on the ballot in Alabama. [42] John Abt served as legal counsel to the convention's permanent chairman, Albert Fitzgerald; he also testified years later that he was a Communist. Background Profile Found - De To | mylife.com www.mylife.com La victoire de Truman semblait si improbable que le Chicago Tribune titra à tort, le soir du 3 novembre, « Dewey Defeats Truman ». In his speech to the convention, Humphrey memorably stated that "the time has come for the Democratic Party to get out of the shadow of states' rights and walk forthrightly into the bright sunshine of human rights!"[13]. L'élection présidentielle américaine de 1948 s'est déroulée le mardi 2 novembre 1948. [54], The Southern Democrats who had walked out of the Democratic National Convention to protest the civil rights platform approved by the convention, and supported by Truman, promptly met at Municipal Auditorium in Birmingham, Alabama, on July 17, 1948, and formed yet another political party, which they named the States' Rights Democratic Party. "Give 'em hell, Harry" was a popular slogan shouted out at stop after stop along the tour. Truman avait accédé à la présidence en sa qualité de vice-président à la suite de la mort de Franklin Delano Roosevelt en 1945. Journalist Sidney Lubell found in his post-1948 survey of voters that Truman, not Dewey, seemed the safer, more conservative candidate to the "new middle class" that had developed over the previous 20 years. The United States presidential election of 1948 was the 41st quadrennial presidential election, held on Tuesday, November 2, 1948. Tous les jours jusqu’à l’élection présidentielle américaine le 3 novembre, Europe 1 vous propose un reportage aux Etats-Unis. "[33] Instead, both Taft and Stassen, along with Senator Vandenberg, simply agreed to try to hold their own delegates in the hopes of preventing Dewey from obtaining a majority. On May 10, 1948, the governors of the eleven states of the former Confederacy, along with other high-ranking Southern officials, met in Jackson, Mississippi, to discuss their concerns about the growing civil rights movement within the Democratic Party. Alistair Cooke, the distinguished writer for the Manchester Guardian newspaper in the United Kingdom, published an article on the day of the election entitled "Harry S. Truman: A Study of a Failure. [42] Rexford Tugwell, a prominent liberal in President Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal, served as the Chairman of the party's platform committee. Aux Etats-Unis, les élections présidentielles ont connu leur épilogue. Truman had ascended to the presidency in April 1945 after the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt. Retrieved August 1, 2005..mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}Source (Electoral Vote): "Electoral College Box Scores 1789–1996". [7], Truman was aware of his unpopularity. "Harry Truman and the Election of 1948: The Coming of Age of Civil Rights in American Politics". On the other hand, the Truman film, hastily assembled on virtually no budget by the perpetually cash-short Truman campaign, relied heavily on public-domain and newsreel footage of the president taking part in major world events and signing important legislation. "[26] "We must not coddle Communism with legality", Stassen insisted. Elle est la quatorzième élection présidentielle américaine. As the convention opened, Dewey was believed to have a large lead in the delegate count. "[75] For the rest of his life, Truman would gleefully mimic Kaltenborn's pedantic voice predicting his defeat throughout that election night. "[70], Walter Winchell reported that gambling odds were 15 to 1 against Truman. He wrote that "to an appreciable part of the electorate, the Democrats had replaced the Republicans as the party of prosperity" during and after the war. [70] Newsweek polled fifty experts, with all fifty predicting a Dewey win. [29] From this point forward, the New York governor had the momentum he needed to win his party's second nomination. "[62] In several speeches, Truman stated that "GOP" actually stood for "gluttons of privilege", and said that Republicans were "princes of privilege" and "bloodsuckers with offices on Wall Street. Near the end of the campaign, Truman privately wrote a state-by-state electoral vote prediction and gave it to his aide, George Elsey.
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